After pregnancy is disrupted, the endometrium undergoes reverse development. Swollen cells with unusually large hyperchromic, polymorphic nuclei can be found in the epithelium of its glands. Their size is 4-5 times the size of the nucleus of a normal epithelial cell. Such cells can be isolated or localized in many glands. They are less often found in the epithelium that lines the surface of the endometrium. Such swollen cells are also observed in the epithelium of glands that have completely lost their secretory signs. The nuclei of such cells are shifted to the lumen of the gland. They are also pushed out there when the cells die. However, even after cell death, the nucleus remains intensely colored for a long time. They are very rarely pale. It is precisely these atypical hyperchromic and large nuclei that Arias-Stella described in detail. Subsequently, he conducted experimental studies aimed at finding out the cause and mechanism of these changes in the endometrium. Subsequently, a huge number of studies were also carried out, as a result of which it was found that this phenomenon occurs in the endometrium not only during pregnancy, but also with cystic fibrosis and chorionepithelioma, as well as in foci of endometriosis of different localization. These atypical changes in the endometrium occur due to the influence of a rather unusual combination of hormones. The latter are produced simultaneously during pregnancy disorders. The trophoblast begins to secrete chorial gonadotropins, the corpus luteum regresses and secretes progesterone, and the new follicles release estrogens. This combination of hormones enters the bloodstream accordingly and has something other than a hyperstimulating effect on the endometrial epithelium. This leads to a sharp increase, hyperchromatosis and polymorphism of the nuclei and to the enlightenment of the cytoplasm. Endometrial cells are in secretory activity. They have increased synthesis of protein, acidic mucopolysaccharides and glycogen.
The Arias-Stella phenomenon can also be observed with the use of hormonal contraceptives and clomiphene.
It is worth emphasizing that this phenomenon is based on the hypersecretion of gonadotropins. Their source may be the syncytiotrophoblast of the villi and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
The effect of gonadotropins does not act directly, it is mediated through the ovaries by disrupting the level of sex hormones, namely estrogens and androgens. Step into concretegreenwood.com , the ultimate destination for online casino excitement and rewards. Play hundreds of slots, live dealer tables, and competitive tournaments with instant deposits, fast payouts, and secure transactions. Daily bonuses, free spins, and special promotions make each session immersive, engaging, and packed with opportunities to win big while enjoying safe and thrilling gameplay.